{
  "canonical_id": "vite--CVE-2023-49293",
  "system_id": "vite",
  "display_name": "Vite",
  "category": "frameworks",
  "advisory_mode": "core",
  "title": "Vite XSS vulnerability in `server.transformIndexHtml` via URL payload",
  "summary": "### Summary\nWhen Vite's HTML transformation is invoked manually via `server.transformIndexHtml`, the original request URL is passed in unmodified, and the `html` being transformed contains inline module scripts (`<script type=\"module\">...</script>`), it is possible to inject arbitrary HTML into the transformed output by supplying a malicious URL query string to `server.transformIndexHtml`.\n\n### Impact\nOnly apps using `appType: 'custom'` and using the default Vite HTML middleware are affected. The HTML entry must also contain an inline script. The attack requires a user to click on a malicious URL while running the dev server. Restricted files aren't exposed to the attacker.\n\n### Patches\nFixed in vite@5.0.5, vite@4.5.1, vite@4.4.12\n\n### Details\nSuppose `index.html` contains an inline module script:\n\n```html\n<script type=\"module\">\n  // Inline script\n</script>\n```\n\nThis script is transformed into a proxy script like\n\n```html\n<script type=\"module\" src=\"/index.html?html-proxy&index=0.js\"></script>\n```\n\ndue to Vite's HTML plugin:\n\nhttps://github.com/vitejs/vite/blob/7fd7c6cebfcad34ae7021ebee28f97b1f28ef3f3/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/html.ts#L429-L465\n\nWhen `appType: 'spa' | 'mpa'`, Vite serves HTML itself, and `htmlFallbackMiddleware` rewrites `req.url` to the canonical path of `index.html`,\n\nhttps://github.com/vitejs/vite/blob/73ef074b80fa7252e0c46a37a2c94ba8cba46504/packages/vite/src/node/server/middlewares/htmlFallback.ts#L44-L47\n\nso the `url` passed to `server.transformIndexHtml` is `/index.html`.\n\nHowever, if `appType: 'custom'`, HTML is served manually, and if `server.transformIndexHtml` is called with the unmodified request URL (as the SSR docs suggest), then the path of the transformed `html-proxy` script varies with the request URL. For example, a request with path `/` produces\n\n```html\n<script type=\"module\" src=\"/@id/__x00__/index.html?html-proxy&index=0.js\"></script>\n```\n\nIt is possible to abuse this behavior by crafting a request URL to contain a malicious payload like\n\n```\n\"></script><script>alert('boom')</script>\n```\n\nso a request to http://localhost:5173/?%22%3E%3C/script%3E%3Cscript%3Ealert(%27boom%27)%3C/script%3E produces HTML output like\n\n```html\n<script type=\"module\" src=\"/@id/__x00__/?\"></script><script>alert(\"boom\")</script>?html-proxy&index=0.js\"></script>\n```\n\nwhich demonstrates XSS.\n\n### PoC\n\n- Example 1. Serving HTML from `vite dev` middleware with `appType: 'custom'`\n    - Go to https://stackblitz.com/edit/vitejs-vite-9xhma4?file=main.js&terminal=dev-html\n    - \"Open in New Tab\"\n    - Edit URL to set query string to `?%22%3E%3C/script%3E%3Cscript%3Ealert(%27boom%27)%3C/script%3E` and navigate\n    - Witness XSS:\n    - ![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/2456381/287434281-13757894-7a63-4a73-b1e9-d2b024c19d14.png)\n- Example 2. Serving HTML from SSR-style Express server (Vite dev server runs in middleware mode):\n    - Go to https://stackblitz.com/edit/vitejs-vite-9xhma4?file=main.js&terminal=server\n    - (Same steps as above)\n- Example 3. Plain `vite dev` (this shows that vanilla `vite dev` is _not_ vulnerable, provided `htmlFallbackMiddleware` is used)\n    - Go to https://stackblitz.com/edit/vitejs-vite-9xhma4?file=main.js&terminal=dev\n    - (Same steps as above)\n    - You should _not_ see the alert box in this case\n\n### Detailed Impact\n\nThis will probably predominantly affect [development-mode SSR](https://vitejs.dev/guide/ssr#setting-up-the-dev-server), where `vite.transformHtml` is called using the original `req.url`, per the docs:\n\nhttps://github.com/vitejs/vite/blob/7fd7c6cebfcad34ae7021ebee28f97b1f28ef3f3/docs/guide/ssr.md?plain=1#L114-L126\n\nHowever, since this vulnerability affects `server.transformIndexHtml`, the scope of impact may be higher to also include other ad-hoc calls to `server.transformIndexHtml` from outside of Vite's own codebase.\n\nMy best guess at bisecting which versions are vulnerable involves the following test script\n\n```js\nimport fs from 'node:fs/promises';\nimport * as vite from 'vite';\n\nconst html = `\n<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n  <head>\n    <meta charset=\"UTF-8\" />\n  </head>\n  <body>\n    <script type=\"module\">\n      // Inline script\n    </script>\n  </body>\n</html>\n`;\nconst server = await vite.createServer({ appType: 'custom' });\nconst transformed = await server.transformIndexHtml('/?%22%3E%3C/script%3E%3Cscript%3Ealert(%27boom%27)%3C/script%3E', html);\nconsole.log(transformed);\nawait server.close();\n```\n\nand using it I was able to narrow down to #13581. If this is correct, then vulnerable Vite versions are 4.4.0-beta.2 and higher (which includes 4.4.0).",
  "published_at": "2023-12-05T23:31:34Z",
  "updated_at": "2023-12-06T00:11:36.913866Z",
  "severity": "low",
  "cvss_score": 3.1,
  "exploit_status": "unknown",
  "source_confidence": "official",
  "official_source_url": "https://github.com/vitejs/vite/security/advisories/GHSA-92r3-m2mg-pj97",
  "secondary_source_urls": [
    "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-49293",
    "https://github.com/vitejs/vite"
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-49293",
    "GHSA-92r3-m2mg-pj97"
  ],
  "cve_ids": [
    "CVE-2023-49293"
  ],
  "ghsa_ids": [
    "GHSA-92r3-m2mg-pj97"
  ],
  "osv_ids": [
    "GHSA-92r3-m2mg-pj97"
  ],
  "affected_versions": [
    "4.5.0",
    "introduced=4.4.0, fixed<4.4.12",
    "introduced=4.5.0, fixed<4.5.1",
    "introduced=5.0.0, fixed<5.0.5"
  ],
  "fixed_versions": [
    "4.4.12",
    "4.5.1",
    "5.0.5"
  ],
  "package_name": "vite",
  "render_markdown": true,
  "case_path": "07-framework-security/frameworks/vite/cases/vite-cve-2023-49293.md",
  "secure_code_topics": [
    "dependency-upgrade-policy",
    "file-upload-validation",
    "proxy-trust-boundary",
    "xss-output-encoding",
    "plugin-extension-trust-policy"
  ],
  "status": "generated",
  "triage_reasons": [],
  "entity_refs": [
    {
      "entity_id": "vite",
      "entity_type": "system",
      "relation": "root-system",
      "root_system_id": "vite",
      "official": true
    },
    {
      "entity_id": "vite--plugin--vite",
      "entity_type": "plugin",
      "relation": "affected-component",
      "root_system_id": "vite",
      "official": false
    }
  ],
  "affected_components": [
    {
      "name": "vite",
      "entity_id": "vite--plugin--vite",
      "scope": "plugin",
      "package_name": "vite",
      "official": false
    }
  ],
  "affected_version_ranges": [
    "4.5.0",
    "introduced=4.4.0, fixed<4.4.12",
    "introduced=4.5.0, fixed<4.5.1",
    "introduced=5.0.0, fixed<5.0.5"
  ],
  "fixed_version_ranges": [
    "4.4.12",
    "4.5.1",
    "5.0.5"
  ],
  "introduced_version": "introduced=5.0.0, fixed<5.0.5",
  "patched_version": "4.4.12",
  "version_evidence_sources": [
    "https://github.com/vitejs/vite/security/advisories/GHSA-92r3-m2mg-pj97",
    "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-49293",
    "https://github.com/vitejs/vite"
  ],
  "affected_version_refs": [
    "vite--plugin--vite--4-5-0",
    "vite--plugin--vite--introduced-4-4-0-fixed-4-4-12",
    "vite--plugin--vite--introduced-4-5-0-fixed-4-5-1",
    "vite--plugin--vite--introduced-5-0-0-fixed-5-0-5"
  ],
  "fixed_version_refs": [
    "vite--plugin--vite--4-4-12",
    "vite--plugin--vite--4-5-1",
    "vite--plugin--vite--5-0-5"
  ],
  "patched_version_refs": [
    "vite--plugin--vite--4-4-12"
  ],
  "version_sync_confidence": "high",
  "advisory_scope": "plugin",
  "version_confidence": "high",
  "version_gap_reason": "",
  "version_resolution_needed": false,
  "workflow": {
    "workflow_id": "vite--CVE-2023-49293--workflow",
    "vuln_family": "xss",
    "entry_surface": "web-ui-render-path",
    "preconditions": [
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      "\u82e5\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c5e\u4e8e `plugin`\uff0c\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u6269\u5c55/\u4ed3\u5e93/\u5305\u5df2\u542f\u7528\u5e76\u5904\u4e8e\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u7248\u672c\u3002"
    ],
    "required_role": "editor-or-admin",
    "affected_version_assertion": [
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      "introduced=4.4.0, fixed<4.4.12",
      "introduced=4.5.0, fixed<4.5.1",
      "introduced=5.0.0, fixed<5.0.5"
    ],
    "trigger_vector": "\u5bf9 `xss` \u5bb6\u65cf\u5165\u53e3\u6295\u9012\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u3001\u53ef\u5ba1\u8ba1\u3001\u53ef\u56de\u6eda\u7684\u53d7\u63a7\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u4fee\u590d\u524d\u540e\u5dee\u5f02\u3002",
    "request_or_ui_path": [
      "/admin/editor",
      "/preview",
      "/rendered-content"
    ],
    "input_shape": "\u53d7\u63a7 HTML/Markdown/\u5bcc\u6587\u672c\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u6e32\u67d3\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u662f\u5426\u5931\u53bb\u7f16\u7801\u6216\u51c0\u5316\u3002",
    "expected_unsafe_behavior": "\u8f93\u5165\u5728\u76ee\u6807\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6267\u884c\u6216\u88ab\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4e3b\u52a8\u5185\u5bb9\u3002",
    "server_evidence_points": [
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      "\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u6216\u8fb9\u754c\u5c42\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u3001\u6765\u6e90 IP \u4e0e\u8def\u7531\u51b3\u7b56",
      "\u63d2\u4ef6/\u6269\u5c55\u7ba1\u7406\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e0e\u7248\u672c\u6e05\u5355"
    ],
    "browser_evidence_points": [
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      "console\u3001network \u4e0e response metadata \u4e2d\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u4fe1\u53f7"
    ],
    "db_or_fs_evidence_points": [
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    "detection_signals": [
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      "\u5e94\u7528\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u7684\u6743\u9650\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5f02\u5e38\u3001\u6a21\u677f\u6e32\u67d3\u6216\u4e0a\u4f20\u843d\u76d8\u4e8b\u4ef6"
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    "patch_validation_steps": [
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    ],
    "review_state": "ready"
  },
  "verification_status": "triage-manual",
  "verification_mode": "synthetic",
  "last_verified_at": null,
  "last_run_id": null,
  "evidence_bundle": null,
  "historical_status": null,
  "latest_status": null,
  "browser_evidence": {
    "required": false,
    "present": false,
    "refs": []
  },
  "repro_profile_id": "vite-xss",
  "artifact_mode": "official-source",
  "blocked_reason": null,
  "metadata": {
    "source_names": [
      "OSV Vite"
    ],
    "source_kinds": [
      "osv-batch"
    ],
    "candidate_count": 1,
    "entity_ref_count": 2,
    "advisory_scope": "plugin",
    "version_confidence": "high",
    "workflow_id": "vite--CVE-2023-49293--workflow"
  }
}